1 ضَعُفَ ذ , (S, O, Msb, K,) and ضَعَفَ , (O, Msb, K,) the latter on the authority of Yoo, (O,) or of Lh, (L,) aor. of each ضَعُفَ , (Msb, K,) inf. n. ضُعْفٌ and ضَعْفٌ (S, * O, * Msb, K) [and app. ضَعَفٌ (q. v. infrà) or this is a simple subst.] and ضَعَافَةٌ and ضَعَافِيَةٌ , (K,) all of which are inf. ns. of the former verb, (TA,) or the first, which is of the dial. of Kureysh, is of the former verb, and the second, which is of the dial. of Temeem, is of the latter verb, (Msb,) He, or it, was, or became, weak, feeble, faint, frail, infirm, or unsound; ضُعْفٌ and ضَعْفٌ being the contr. of قُوَّةٌ , (S, O, Msb, K,) and of صِحَّةٌ ; (Msb;) and both of them may be used alike, in every relation; or, accord. to the people of El-Basrah, both are so used; so says Az; (TA;) but some say that the former is used in relation to the body, and the latter in relation to the judgment or opinion. (O, Msb, K: but this is omitted in my copy of the TA.) -b2- ضَعُفَ عَنِ الشَّىْءِ means He lacked strength, or power, or ability, to do or accomplish, or to bear, the thing; [ he was weak so as to be disabled, or incapacitated, from doing, or accomplishing, or from bearing, the thing; ] syn. عَجَزَ عَنْهُ , (Msb in art. عجز ,) or عَجَزَ عَنِ ٱحْتِمَالِهِ . (Msb in the present art.) -b3- [See also ضَعْفٌ below.] -A2- ضَعُفَ also signifies It (a thing) exceeded; syn. زَادَ . (L, TA.) -b2- And you say, ضَعَفْتُ القَوْمَ (Lth, O, K, *) aor. ضَعُفَ , (O,) or ضَعَفَ , (K, TA,) inf. n. ضَعْفٌ ; (O;) [and app. ضَعُفْتُ عَلَيْهِمْ , like as you say زِدْتُ عَلَيْهِمْ ;] I exceeded the people, or party, in number, so that I and my companions had double, or several-fold, the number that they had. (Lth, O, K. *) -b3- See also 3.

2 ضعّفهُ ذ , inf. n. تَضْعِيفٌ : see 4: and see also المُضَعَّفُ . -b2- Also He reckoned, or esteemed, him ضَعِيف [i. e. weak, &c.]; (O, K;) and so , (S, O, Msb, K,) and : (O, K:) or signifies he found him to be so; (TA;) or he asserted him to be ( جَعَلَهُ ) so; (Msb;) or, as also , he [ esteemed him to be so, and therefore ] behaved proudly, haughtily, or insolently, towards him, in respect of worldly things, because of [ his ] poverty, and meanness of condition. (IAth, TA.) غَلَبَنِى أَهْلُ الكُوفَةِ أَسْتَعْمِلُ عَلَيْهِمُ المُؤْمِنَ فَيُضَعَّفُ وَأَسْتَعْمِلُ عَلَيْهِمُ القَوِىَّ فَيُفَجَّرُ , [ The people of El-Koofeh have overcome me: I employ as governor over them the believer, and he is esteemed weak; and I employ as governor over them the strong, and he is charged with unrighteousness: ] is a saying mentioned in a trad. of 'Omar. (TA.) -b3- And He attributed, or ascribed, (O, K,) to him, i. e. a man, (O,) or (tropical:) to it, i. e. a tradition, [&c.,] ضَعْف [meaning weakness, app., in the case of a man, of judgment, and in the case of a tradition &c., of authority ]. (O, K, TA.) -A2- And He doubled it, or made it double, covering one part of it with another part. (TA.) -b2- See also the next paragraph, in two places.

3 ضاعفهُ ذ , (S, O, K,) inf. n. مُضَاعَفَةٌ ; (S, Msb;) and , (S K,) inf. n. تَضْعِيفٌ ; (S, O, Msb;) and , (S, O, K,) inf. n. إِضْعَافٌ ; (S, Msb;) all signify the same; (S, K;) i. e. He doubled it, or made it double, or two-fold; (O, K;) [and trebled it, or made it treble, or three-fold; and redoubled it, or made it several-fold, or manyfold; i. e. multiplied it; for] Kh says, التَّضْعِيفُ signifies the adding to a thing so as to make it double, or two-fold; or more [i. e. treble, or threefold; and several-fold, or many-fold ]; (S, O, Msb;) and so الإِضْعَافُ , and المُضَاعَفَةُ ; (S, Msb;) and , without teshdeed, signifies the same as ضاعفهُ . (Ham p. 257.) The saying, in the Kur [xxxiii. 30], يُضَاعَفْ لَهَا العَذَابُ ضِعْفَيْنِ , (Mgh, O, K,) in which AA read , (TA,) accord. to AO, (Mgh, O,) means, The punishment shall be made to her three punishments; (Mgh, O, K;) for, he says, she is to be punished once; and when the punishment is doubled twofold, [or is repeated twice,] the one becomes three: (TA:) he adds, (O,) and the tropical meaning of يُضَاعَفْ ( مَجَازُ يُضَاعَفْ [for which مَجازٌ يُضَاعَفُ is erroneously put in the CK]) is two things' being added to a thing so that it becomes three: (O, K:) but Az disapproves this, saying that it is peculiar to the tropical and the common conventional speech, whereas the skilled grammarians state the meaning to be, she shall be punished with twice the like of the punishment of another; (Mgh;) [so that it may be rendered the punishment shall be doubled to her, made two-fold; and in like manner] Ibn-'Arafeh explains it as meaning she shall have two shares of punishment. (O.) فَيُضَاعِفُهُ لَهُ أَضْعَافًا كَثِيرَةً [ And He will multiply it to him many-fold, or, as some read, فَيُضَاعِفَهُ that He may multiply it, ] is another phrase occurring in the Kur [ii. 246]. (O, TA.) And one says, الثَّوَابَ لِلْقَوْمِ [ I doubled, or multiplied, the recompense to the people, or party ]. (Msb.) And القَوْمُ The people, or party, h

4 اضعفهُ ذ He, (God, Msb, or another, S,) or it, (disease, TA,) rendered him ضَعِيف [i. e. weak, &c.]; (S, O, Msb, K;) as also . (L, TA.) -A2- And أَضْعَفَ , said of a man, He became one whose beast was weak. (S, O, K.) -A3- See also 3, first sentence, and last two sentences.

5 تَضَعَّفَ see 2, in two places. -A2- [ تضعّف app. signifies also He manifested weakness: see تضوّر .]